What is the primary purpose of the varus stress test?

What is the primary purpose of the varus stress test?

• A. To assess lateral collateral ligament integrity.
• B. To assess medial collateral ligament integrity.
• C. To assess meniscal pathology.
• D. To assess cruciate ligaments.

Answer: (A)

Varus stress testing of the knee focuses on the stability of the outside of the knee, mainly the lateral collateral ligament (LCL). By applying a varus (inward) force to the knee, especially with the knee flexed about 20–30 degrees, the examiner opens the lateral joint space to see if the LCL is tight and intact. A normal test shows little to no excess movement and no pain; increased laxity or pain indicates LCL injury and possible involvement of the posterolateral corner. This is distinct from tests for the medial side (valgus stress test) and from maneuvers that assess the menisci or the cruciate ligaments, which have different exam patterns.

Varus stress testing of the knee focuses on the stability of the outside of the knee, mainly the lateral collateral ligament (LCL). By applying a varus (inward) force to the knee, especially with the knee flexed about 20–30 degrees, the examiner opens the lateral joint space to see if the LCL is tight and intact. A normal test shows little to no excess movement and no pain; increased laxity or pain indicates LCL injury and possible involvement of the posterolateral corner. This is distinct from tests for the medial side (valgus stress test) and from maneuvers that assess the menisci or the cruciate ligaments, which have different exam patterns.